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من هم الأكراد؟

الشرق الأوسط
نشر
2 min قراءة

(CNN)—مع إعلان وزارة الدفاع السورية وقوات سوريا الديمقراطية التي يقودها الأكراد عن تمديد اتفاق وقف إطلاق النار لـ15 يوما إضافية، إليكم لمحة عن الشعب الكردي الذي لا يمتلك وطنًا أو دولة رسمية ويعيش معظمهم في دول الشرق الأوسط، بما في ذلك شمال العراق وشرق تركيا وغرب إيران وأجزاء صغيرة من شمال سوريا وأرمينيا.

نبذة عن إقليم كردستان

المساحة: حوالي 74000 ميل مربع

عدد السكان: ما يقارب 25-30 مليون نسمة (يعيش بعض الأكراد خارج إقليم كردستان)

الدين: معظمهم من المسلمين السنة؛ ويمارس البعض الصوفية.

حقائق أخرى

لم يحقق الأكراد قط وضع الدولة القومية، مما يجعل كردستان منطقة غير تابعة لأي دولة، وإحدى أكبر الأمم التي لا تملك دولة في العالم.

يتم الاعتراف بأجزاء من المنطقة من قبل دولتين: إيران، حيث تقع مقاطعة كردستان؛ وشمال العراق، حيث توجد المنطقة المتمتعة بالحكم الذاتي والمعروفة باسم حكومة إقليم كردستان أو كردستان العراق.

كان الأكراد في الغالب من البدو الرحل حتى نهاية الحرب العالمية الأولى وانهيار الإمبراطورية العثمانية.

يشكل الأكراد حوالي 10% من سكان سوريا، و19% من سكان تركيا، و15-20% من سكان العراق، وهم إحدى أكبر الأقليات العرقية في إيران.

وتُعدّ قوات البشمرغة قوة عسكرية وطنية تضم أكثر من 100 ألف مقاتل، وتتولى حماية إقليم كردستان العراق، وتضم بصفوفها مقاتلين من النساء.