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"الثقب الأزرق"... ربما الدليل على أسباب اندثار حضارة المايا

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"الثقب الأزرق"... ربما الدليل على أسباب اندثار حضارة المايا
Credit: COURTESY BELIZE TOURISM BOARD

أتلانتا، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية (CNN)  --  بالنسبة لهواة الغوص، يعتبر كهف "الثقب الأزرق" تحت أعماق المياه، واحدا من أعاجيب الأرض، لكنه قد يعني أكثر من ذلك بالنسبة للعلماء من يرون فيه دليلا قد يفسر أسباب اندثار حضارة المايا.

وعززت أبحاث قام بها علما  من جامعة "رايس أيرث" أدلة خلصت إليها أبحاث سابقة بوقوف القحط وراء اختفاء المايا.

ووجد العلماء، عقب دراسة "الثقب الأزرق" والمياه المحيطة به، تغييرات في معدلات الألمونيوم والتيتانيوم خلال القرن التاسع والعاشر، وهي ذات الفترة التي شهدت انحدار حضارة المايا في شبه جزيرة "يوكتان"، ويعني تراجع المادة الأخيرة انخفاض معدل هطول الأمطار.

وانخفض معدل المادتين أكثر خلال الفترة ما بين عام 800 و 1000 ما بعد الميلاد..  وبحلول العام 900 هجرت معظم المدن بالحضارة،  التي انتشرت في الدول التي تعرف حاليا بغواتيمالا، والسلفادور وهندوراس وجنوب المكسيك

ولحضارة المايا إرث  علمي وفلكي خاصة فيما يتعلق بالتقويم الميلادي، الذي توقف عند 21 ديسمبر/كانون الأول عام 2012، ما جعل كثيرون يعتقدون بأنه موعد نهاية العالم. -- كابوس عام 2012

ويشار إلى أن نظرية وقوف القحط والجفاف وراء اندثار المايا ليست بجديدة، إذ خلص بحث علمي أجري في 2012، بمعاناة المنطقة من الجفاف في النصف الآخر من الألفية الأولى بعد الميلاد.