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الخس والتوت والمحار... كيف تسبب هذه الأطعمة التسمم الغذائي؟

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الخس والتوت والمحار... كيف تسبب هذه الأطعمة التسمم الغذائي؟
Credit: Melina Marra/the Washington post/Getty Images

دبي، الإمارات العربية المتحدة (CNN)-- كثيراً، ما قد نُصاب بالشعور بالغثيان بعد تناول بعض الأطعمة. ونادراً، تؤدي حالات التسمم إلى الوفاة. وقد يتفاجئ الشخص من تعرضه للتسمم بسبب طعام معين، لم يسبب له هذه المشكلة سابقاً. لذا، ماهي أشهر مسببات حالات التسمم؟

الفيروسات: يسبب فيروس "كروز شيب" التسمم الغذائي، وقد أودى بحياة قرابة 700 شخص خلال عام واحد في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية فقط. ويوجد هذا الفيروس بكثرة في الأطعمة التالية:

1) الخضار والفاكهة الملوثة أو غير النظيفة مثل الخس والتوت وغيرها.

2) البط والخنزير: يُصيب هذا الفيروس كبد الخنزير ولحم البط، ما فيُصاب الأشخاص به لدى تناول هذه اللحوم. وقد يصيب فيروس التهاب الكبد "إي" كبد الخنزير الذي يعتبر أخطر أنواع التهاب الكبد. ويمكن قتل هذا الفيروس بالطهي على حرارة تتخطى الـ 165 درجة.

الطعام النيء: يحتوي الطعام النيئ أو المطهو بشكل غير كافٍ، مثل المحار، على الفيروس المسبب لإلتهاب الكبد "أ"، ما قد يسبب الغثيان وفقدان الشهية والحمى.

البكتيريا: تحتوي اللحوم والدجاج الذي لم يُطهى جيداً، على بكتيريا "سالمونيلا" و"إي كولاي." وتسبب السالمونيلا أخطر أنواع التسمم الغذائي. لذا، يُنصح طهي الدجاج واللحم على حرارة 165 درجة لقتل البكتيريا، وتجنب منتجات الحليب غير المبستر.