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الصين تعدل قانون "الطفل الواحد" وتسمح لكل أسرة بإنجاب طفلين بعد عقود من المنع

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الصين تعدل قانون "الطفل الواحد" وتسمح لكل أسرة بإنجاب طفلين بعد عقود من المنع
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بكين، الصين (CNN) -- بعد أكثر من ثلاثة عقود على فرضها، قررت الصين أخيرا الخميس التراجع عن سياسة "الطفل الواحد" التي تمنع الأزواج من إنجاب أكثر من طفل، والتي أقرت بهدف مواجهة التزايد الكبير بأعداد السكان، لتسمح بإنجاب طفلين لكل عائلة.

ونقلت وكالة الأنباء الصينية الرسمية عن قرار صادر عن الحزب الشيوعي الحاكم قوله: "من أجل تعزيز النمو المتوازن للسكان، ستقوم الصين بمواصلة تطبيق السياسات الأسرية وستقوم أيضا بتحسين استراتيجيتها للتطور السكاني."

وأضاف الحزب في قراره أن الصين: "ستطبق بشكل كامل سياسة تسمح بإنجاب طفلين لكل زوجين كإجراء فعال بمواجهة قضية تزايد أعداد كبار السن."

وكانت سياسة "الطفل الواحد" قد أقرت بشكل حازم اعتبارا من عام 1980، بمحاولة لوقف التزايد الهائل بعدد السكان في بلد المليار و300 مليون نسمة، ولكن بكين خففت إجراءاتها بعد ذلك، فبات بإمكان العائلات انجاب أكثر من طفل اعتبارا من عام 2013، بحال كان أحد الأبوين طفلا وحيدا.

وقد استفادت الصين من تلك السياسة للتحكم بأعداد السكان في السنوات الماضية، ولكن تكلفتها مؤخرا باتت مرتفعة، إذ تزايدت اعداد كبار السن وتأثر حجم القوة العاملة، كما قيل الكثير عن تأثيراتها الاجتماعية والعاطفية على الأولاد، إلى جانب توافقها مع حقوق الإنسان.