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تحليل: الروبل الروسي استقر بعد انهياره في بداية الحرب على أوكرانيا

اقتصاد
نشر
دقيقة قراءة
صورة أرشيفية للعملة الروسية "الروبل"
Credit: KIRILL KUDRYAVTSEV/AFP via Getty Images

(CNN)-- بعدما شنت روسيا غزوها لأوكرانيا في فبراير/ شباط، تحطمت العملة الروسية "الروبل"، وسارعت موسكو لمنع الانهيار المالي.

وفرضت الولايات المتحدة والاتحاد الأوروبي وحلفاء غربيون آخرون عقوبات على جزء كبير من النظام المصرفي في روسيا، بما في ذلك تجميد مئات المليارات من الدولارات من الاحتياطيات التي كانت موسكو تخزنها لسنوات لحماية الاقتصاد.

وردا على ذلك، طبق البنك المركزي الروسي سياسات لمنع المستثمرين والشركات من بيع العملة وغيرها من الإجراءات التي تجبرهم على شرائها.

كما طالبت روسيا الدول الأوروبية بتسديد مدفوعات الطاقة بالروبل، وقطعت إمدادات الغاز عن العملاء الذين رفضوا القيام بذلك.

لكن الروبل استقر في الأشهر الأخيرة، رغم التأثير المبكر للعقوبات، فقد فشلت إلى حد كبير في شل الاقتصاد الروسي، حيث أدى ارتفاع أسعار الطاقة إلى حشو خزائن روسيا.

وفي غضون ذلك، ارتفعت العملة الروسية إلى أعلى مستوى في 7 سنوات مقابل الدولار الأمريكي، بفضل جهود الرئيس الروسي فلاديمير بوتين لدعم الروبل.

وعلى الرغم من أن روسيا تخلفت عن سداد ديونها الخارجية في يونيو/ حزيران، إلا أن الأسواق العالمية بالكاد تأثرت، حيث كانت هذه الخطوة متوقعة على نطاق واسع، وكانت السوق تستعد بنفسها.